Can You Take Hydrocodone While on Suboxone?

Generally, you should avoid use of hydrocodone and other opioids if you are taking Suboxone. However, there are instances, such as surgery, where your doctor may recommend managed opioid use to control acute pain. 

Healthcare professionals are hesitant when it comes to prescribing opioids like hydrocodone to individuals receiving Suboxone therapy for opioid use disorder (OUD). This owes to the fact that both drugs interact with similar brain receptors and could lead to complications with both medications working as intended. 

Nevertheless, there may be particular instances where a healthcare provider may choose to combine these drugs for pain management purposes. This will normally only occur under close observation and when certain conditions are met.

How Suboxone Works

Suboxone provides a viable path to recovery for those grappling with opioid use disorder (OUD).[1] Made of buprenorphine and naloxone, Suboxone diminishes opioid cravings and withdrawal symptoms. 

Buprenorphine works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain without causing powerful euphoria or significant  respiratory depression, unlike other opioids such as heroin or oxycodone. This action reduces dependence on opioids while stabilizing brain chemistry.

Sublingual tablets or films are the usual forms for administering Suboxone. These are dissolved under the tongue for faster absorption into the bloodstream. Often paired with therapy and counseling, Suboxone and similar drugs have helped many people successfully combat opioid use disorder across America.

What Are the Dangers of Taking Hydrocodone & Suboxone Together?

For those who are receiving treatment for opioid use disorder through medications like Suboxone, there are risks associated with taking additional opioids such as hydrocodone.[2] Typically referred to as a full opioid agonist, hydrocodone has been linked with addictive behaviors and misuse tendencies. 

One of the dangers associated with pairing hydrocodone with Suboxones involves unintended results, which could leave patients still feeling pain when attempting relief through both substances at once. The reason behind this is that buprenorphine binds to the same opioid receptors as hydrocodone and can block other opioids from doing so. When hydrocodone is taken alongside Suboxone, it can result in significantly weaker pain relief than when hydrocodone is taken alone.[3]

Individuals receiving OUD treatment through Suboxone are usually encouraged to avoid potent opioids like hydrocodone due to its potential for causing relapse. Both patients and healthcare providers alike must work together to monitor use closely and prevent misuse. 

Combining these two medications also increases the risk of respiratory depression due to their shared effects on brain receptors. This can lead to potentially fatal outcomes like coma or death in the worst cases.[4] 

When Would Doctors Recommend Taking Both?

While it is not usual practice for someone to take both hydrocodone and Suboxone at the same time, because they are both opioids with the potential for dangerous interactions, there are instances when an individual may need them under close supervision from a healthcare professional.[5] 

For instance, if hydrocodone was initially prescribed for managing chronic pain but resulted in opioid dependence over time, switching to Suboxone could help to manage OUD while some level of hydrocodone use is still used for providing pain relief. This would only be done via carefully monitored medication use and dosage adjustments.

Opioids often represent the only option for the effective treatment of especially severe pain.[6] Even if a person is has OUD, it is sometimes necessary for a doctor who is aware of this to still prescribe opioids (although likely with much more oversight than is standard) if no non-opioid solution can keep that individual from experiencing debilitating levels of pain. In such cases, a person might be put on a drug like hydrocodone even if currently taking Suboxone as part of a Medication for Addiction Treatment (MAT) program.

It used to be that patients on MAT were advised to stop use of Suboxone or buprenorphine prior to surgery. That is no longer the recommendation. Now, it’s recommended that patients remain on their MAT prior to surgery.[7] 

In some cases, the dose of Suboxone or buprenorphine may be raised to provide pain control, or the dose may be divided up throughout the day differently. Doctors may prescribe a short-acting full opioid agonist, like hydrocodone, to control acute pain, but again, this is closely monitored.[8]

It must be noted that taking these medications without proper medical oversight can have severe consequences like overdose or other detrimental effects on health. 

Alternate Options to Hydrocodone & Other Opioids for Acute Pain

Over-the-counter (OTC) pain medications such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil), and naproxen (Aleve) may be recommended for pain control.[9] These drugs aren’t opioids and don’t have nearly the same risk for misuse, without potential for OUD. While they aren’t as potent as opioids, they can still help with pain and are especially useful in cases where a patient may be experiencing mild to moderate pain rather than severe pain.

Still, over-the-counter medications for alleviating pain come with some potential side effects, which might make them unsuitable for use by some. Patients affected by liver or kidney ailments can experience complications when using acetaminophen, while those battling stomach ulcers might display an intolerance toward ibuprofen and naproxen. 

Maintaining a balance between following recommended doses without overdoing them is important even with OTC medication that don’t require a prescription. Using them beyond their recommended limits could prove detrimental toward overall health.

Seek Medical Advice Before Taking Hydrocodone With Suboxone

As a general rule, do not take hydrocodone or any opioid while you are taking Suboxone. Since you are taking Suboxone for OUD, any use of hydrocodone that is not directed by a doctor is misuse and threatens your recovery. This is putting aside the fact that hydrocodone is only legally available through prescription, so the only legitimate way to start using it is by consulting a professional regardless. 

Your goal when working with a medical professional is to find a workable solution to your pain. Talk with the doctor about why you think you might need an opioid painkiller and listen if they present alternate solutions that may allow you to avoid opioids altogether. Your doctor may also recommend non-medication approaches, such as physical therapy, yoga, massage, electrostimulation, and other techniques.[10]

While non-opioid solutions may not always provide the needed pain relief, they can still be a valuable tool for combating pain. They should at least be tried if opioid use is likely to be especially dangerous or ineffective because you’re on Suboxone.